Inflamed acne under the skin, often referred to as cystic acne or nodular acne, is one of the most painful and stubborn forms of acne. Unlike surface-level pimples, these blemishes form deep beneath the skin’s surface and can appear as red, swollen, and tender bumps. They are often caused by a combination of excess oil production, dead skin cells, bacteria, and hormonal imbalances. These blockages trigger an inflammatory response that results in painful, under-the-skin acne that is difficult to treat with typical over-the-counter solutions.
Blackheads, on the other hand, are a type of non-inflamed acne. They form when pores become clogged with sebum and dead skin cells. When the pore remains open, the surface oxidizes and turns dark, creating the appearance of a blackhead. While they are not painful, blackheads can contribute to acne if left untreated, especially if they become infected or inflamed.
Extraction of blackheads and inflamed acne should always be done carefully. For deeply inflamed acne, professional treatment by a dermatologist is recommended to avoid scarring or further infection. However, blackheads can be extracted safely using clean tools and proper technique. The skin should be steamed beforehand to open the pores, and gentle pressure should be applied with a comedown extractor or clean fingers wrapped in tissue. Following extraction, it’s crucial to disinfect the skin and apply soothing products to reduce inflammation and support healing.
For long-term results, maintaining a consistent skincare routine with gentle cleansing, exfoliation, and oil control is key. Avoid picking or squeezing inflamed blemishes, as this can lead to permanent scarring. When in doubt, always consult with a skincare professional to determine the best approach for your skin type and acne condition.